北美考试院 托福写作组 吴卫逢

本期考题考察的话题属于托福综合写作考试中考察历史类话题：阅读给出了建造Irish Tower的目的的猜想，听力反驳了三个猜想。

在《真经6》材料也涉及到了相关话题，分别是苏格兰史前圆柱石塔的作用，希腊磁盘的功能考生可适度选择提到的《真经6》材料，熟悉相关话题，分析材料结构和写作结构。

Keywords: convincing; strategy; regulations; rules; policy; negative or positive consequences; concern; ado

可以类比下列这些的综合写作。

《真经6》20180106CN  broches used for 圆柱石塔的用处

阅读部分：

总观点：提出了三个用处的猜想

• deter attack （walls high）

• store food

• social purpose (high-ranking chieftains inhabit)

听力反驳：

总观点：not convincing

• lack windows: defense weak；can not shoot arrow, so 敌人靠近石塔时，他们可以放火或破门而入

• water tanks 会产生moisture，最终使食物grain rot；火炉的存在会导致谷物扬起的灰尘着火

• 领主的房子周围有其人民的小房子；石塔跟其他房子分割开了，而领主不可能住在一起。

《真经6》20170304CN Greek ceramic disks function

阅读部分：

总观点：提出三个功能的猜想

• Kitchenware；

• Musical instruments: drums;

• mirror

听力反驳：

• 总论点：not convincing

• Pans and pots有使用痕迹，blackened/discolored 变黑或褪色，但没有marks痕迹 

• Stretch animal skin over覆盖动物皮；strike ceramics不像鼓声，同时heavy and hard to use, wooden drum is better

• 灌液体能反射光，水平放置，有装饰的一面在底下，金属镜被竖着拿，易看到装饰。

题目解析：

8月25日的独立写作直译为：“尽管科技将继续进步，但人类的生活质量已经有了巨大的提高。”前半句话表明科技还有进步空间，后半句话省略了“当前的科技”这个关键词，整个题干补充完整为“尽管科技将继续进步，但当前的科技已经使人类的生活质量有了巨大的提高”。这是2019年第二次考科技类的话题。次是在2019年1月5日：“政府是否需要公开科学发现”。

对于本题，构思时应着眼于“科技”“生活”这两个关键词。他们都属于范围很广，很抽象的名词。可考虑采取不同情况分析法，将两个词拆分成不同情况进行分析，比如科技人类生活可分为衣食住行、教育、医疗、娱乐等几个论点。

文章结构方面，推荐使用让步结构，即先陈述自己的观点赞同题干，然后再进行让步和反驳。例如，让步部分可以写虽然科技在进步，但是也同时污染了环境。接着反驳一下就可以了，因为科技发展的过程当中，环境问题也必然会得到解决。

请参考如下范文：

Completing a day of strenuous work, you get on the subway to home, and then skim through hot news or order a take-out food using your cellphone. Waiting for you are the arrived food, entertainment program on the television and air conditioning when you get home. Can you imagine that picture of this random daily life happening a century ago? Definitely not. As far as I am concerned, Modern technology has witnessed tremendous advancement, and coincident with it has been the significant raise of individuals’ lives already.

First and foremost, the connection between people is closer today. “In the war time, a letter from home is worth ten thousand pieces of gold”, sighed Du Fu, an ancient poet in Chinese Tang dynasty, indicating the troublesome physical information exchange approach with long-distance mails at that time. Newly invented technology, mobile phones, cellular network, 4G (fourth generation network), just to name a few, has made it possible for us to send and receive messages with our loved ones instantly anytime and virtually anywhere. My experience in Japan is just a case in point. Years ago, in Nagoya, Japan an earthquake awakened me from the sleep. Never did I experience such an intensive and violent vibration of the house, I was totally terrified and petrified then. After the organized evacuation, I immediately made a video call to my parents. Until now, memory of that call with warmth and energy still comes to my mind every time I make a home call to my parents. As a result, it truly was this information age transforming our way of interacting with one another and strengthening our emotional bonds.    

Conversely, some would argue that science and technology bring about new issues especially environmental contamination alongside convenience. Be it automobile on the road, airplane in the air, yacht in shoreline of resort, all of them pollute our fragile environment through burning fossil fuels, which can lead to haze, damage to ocean ecosystem and more. Consequently, we, everyone on this planet, will suffer. With all abovementioned problems facing us, nevertheless, there is no denying that these modern transportation tools enable us to ignore the physical distance, transporting us to anywhere worldwide within two days. Furthermore, the forthcoming electric vehicles and various other electricity-driven carriers will come out with the solution to environmental problems along with the continuous improvement of science and technology. Therefore, I do believe that the advantages of modern transportations tools to our lives outweigh their drawbacks.

In conclusion, despite the environmental problems they may cause, science and technology really can connect people more emotionally and transport citizens more efficiently, which marks a significant step forward for better living standard or life style. Had humans not pushed the boundary of imagination and reasoning thinking so far, we would have still led cave lives as our relatives as chimpanzee.

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