2019.09.22   托福综合写作真题

Integrated Writing Task

阅读部分：导致Franklin探险队死亡的lead不是来自于canned food

1. The outside of the cans were sealed with   lead, but it could not actually get in the containers. 铅被用来封装罐头，但是不会进入罐头内部。

2. There were no actual signs of any such   incidents from other ships. 其他船上没有出现同类事件，所以可能性不大。

3. There could have been other sources such   as water purifiers as the pipes were made of lead. 有可能是其他来源，比如船上铅制净化水管道。

听力反驳：是来自于canned food

1、The workers were under pressure and   had to work long hours, hence some cans were not properly sealed. 工人们压力大， 工作时间长，一些罐头并没有密封好；

2、No prompt reports or tests were   carried out to show other symptoms of lead poisoning. 没有在其他船上进行报告与检查，所以一些铅中毒的表现被忽略；

3、Water ran through the lead pipes was   for the ship engines, drinking water was of a different source. 铅管道净化水是给发动机用的，饮用水来自于其他渠道。

本次综合写作重复2017年10月29日和2015年12月5日的考题，2019年目前进行的21场托福考试中有9场重复往年考察过的真题，分别为：20190112（重复20161211）；20190126（重复20140629）；20190223（重复20170218）；20190330（重复20180106）；20190331（重复20130817）；20190414（重复20180506）20190511（重复20160910）；20190519（重复20150412；20180908）；20190615（重复20121014）；总占比超过40%。由此可见，历年考察过的真题被重复考察的可能性还是比较高的，考生平时备考时也可以以历年真题为材料进行备考练习。考题内容针对于考察考古探险的内容，在TPO中有部分材料涉及到相关话题，由于话题内容不多，因此很多同学在遇到考古探险话题时会比较手忙脚乱，但此题是更偏向于铅中毒，整体来说较为常识类，单词难度并不大。

Key words: lead, canned food, poison, pipe, seal

可以类比下列TPO的综合写作：

TPO28

阅读部分：

总论点：三个证据证明Robert E. Peary的确到过北极

分论点1：国家地理协会组织了委员会确认了他的探险

分论点2：有另一个探险队也成功复制了他的探险路线

分论点3：拍摄照片中阴影的方向符合北极太阳光照射的角度

听力部分：

总论点：三个分论点都不可信

分论点1：委员会的成员有Robert E. Peary的朋友，还给国家地理协会捐了钱，所以不可信

分论点2：另一个探险队没有带食物，且天气情况比Robert E. Peary当时好太多了

分论点3：当时的照片太模糊

2019.09.22托福独立写作真题

Independent Writing Task

At some companies, the manufacturing of   products causes damage to the environment. Some think the best way to prevent   damage is to punish those companies, for example, a high tax may be   collected. Others think that there may be better ways to prevent the damage.

Which one of the two views do you agree   with?

题目解析：

9月22日的独立写作看上去是一道新题，事实上这是2015年12月12日的真题，且在2016-2018年中，每年都有与环境保护相关的三选一的题目，对于会拿往年真题练手的同学来说，从历年真题中获得分论点的灵感是在考场上快速确定立场展开作文论述的好方法。这道题目看似是一道二选一，事实上能看到其中一方立场有“the best way”这样的词，因此这道题选择同意还有其他方式也能防止环境破坏会比好写。

回忆往年题目，20160625CN和20171118CN环境类话题告诉我们保护环境可以投资新能源开发、保护森林、制定严格的法律；20160903CN和20180331CN还告诉我们可以多种树、呼吁大家不用塑料袋，以及改善交通方式；20170701CN还有可以旧物回收利用、呼吁大家买更多有机食品。ETS官方都告诉了我们这么多的方法，我们还不赶紧用起来吗？

作文的段落结构可以采取两种形式：，两段认可自己的所选立场，最后一段通过让步的方法对对方立场进行合理反驳；第二，举两到三个理由证明己方立场合理，在每一段结尾和对方立场进行简单对比即可。

请参考一下范文：

According to a research recently, the 21st century has been the hottest on record, leading to droughts, floods and other extreme weather conditions around the world. Several environmental damages have been attributed to the modern lifestyle habits that create a large carbon footprint, waste that is difficult to degrade and polluted water. Some claim that some companies are the culprits of these damages and should be financially punished, however, measures aiming to big companies is not a panacea, instead, there are other better ways to prevent the environment from being damaged.

First, appealing the public to reduce the use disposable plastic products is able to prevent the environment from being damaged. Single-use plastic has caused enormous damages to not only marine life but also our daily life since some of it can take up to five hundred years to biodegrade according to the research recently. Therefore, appealing the public to invest in a canvas bag for shopping instead of the plastic ones, or to use a more eco-friendly alternative such as bamboo straws rather than plastic straws when sipping beverages can alleviate the natural strain of biodegradation to a very large extent and save the lives of some marine animals who take plastic waste as food by mistake at the same time.

In addition, developing eco-friendly vehicles should also be taken into account to reduce the air pollution. For most people, taking public transportation and driving is an unavoidable part of their lifestyle, which makes the air pollution caused by emission of vehicles seemly an unsolvable problem. However, Avoiding driving and opting for a bike ride instead is feasible for short journeys. Besides, if governments invest in developing and researching hybrid cars or electric cars which will produce less or even no harmful emissions, and popularize them in the market, people are more likely to choose these eco-friendly cars as their alternative rather than a petrol guzzler. The air pollution in big cities, as a result, is bound to be abated.

Admittedly, imposing high tax on manufacture companies might compel them to optimize and upgrade the filtering techniques, and thus the pollution caused by these enterprises is likely to reduce. However, to develop or introduce high-technological equipment, a large amount of money should be invested. In order to regain favorable profit and survive in this competitive world, it is possible that companies will raise the price of their products, and finally it is the consumers that will financially suffer. In conclusion, I am convinced that except for punishing big companies, there are still better ways to solve the environmental issues.

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