植物学学科词汇

Flora /ˈflɔ:rə/ n 植物，植物界

示例考题29 Listening Lecture 1 

There's a link between biodiversity and pedodiversity, an obvious relationship between soils and flora and fauna

Botany/ˈbɑ:təni/ n植物学

Botanical /bəˈtænɪkl/ n植物学的

“植物学”这个词，来源于法语的botanique，这里插播一个小故事，在澳大利亚有个海湾，就是以botany这个词命名的。

这个海湾以丰富多样的植物种类让17世纪初登澳大利亚的欧洲殖民者大为惊叹而得名Botany Bay。

Plant/plænt/ n植物

alpine/ˈælpaɪn/ plant 高山植物

marsh/mɑ:rʃ/ plant 沼泽植物

host/hoʊst/ plant 宿主植物

示例  考题48 Listening lecture 3 

And it always makes its way back to the host plant to feed, guided by the ants, the ant escort service, so to speak.

针对某一株植物的不同部分进行细分，大家则可以看下面的图片:

Shoot system 茎叶系统

Flower /ˈflaʊə(r)/ 花

Lateral bud 侧芽

Vegetative shoot 营养枝

示例考题1 Listening Lecture 4

vegetative parts of a plant's herbs and the flowers the marmots like to eat.

Node /noʊd/ 茎节（叶子或者树枝从主茎杆长出的地方）

Internode /ɪnˈtɜ:noʊd / 节间（两个茎节之间的部分）

Leaf /li:f/ 叶子

Stem /stem/ 茎

示例考题19Listening Lecture 3

carrying it down the leaves through the stems and into the roots.

Root system 根系

Taproot /ˈtæpru:t/ 主根

Lateral branch roots 侧向支根

Crown /kraʊn/ 树冠

Twig /twɪg/ 细枝，嫩枝

示例 考题20Listening Lecture 4

The hare actually has abundant food in the small twigs it finds.）

Branch /bræntʃ/ 树枝

示例 考题32 Listening Conversation 2

scientists found evidence that ancient people had been harvesting thebranches from pistachio and almond trees

Fruit /fru:t/ 果实

Foliage / ˈfoʊliɪdʒ/ 枝叶（总称）

Trunk /trʌŋk/ 树干

Roof hairs 根须

那了解完单一植物的各部分，我们再来看看不同的植物类型和植物的栖息地：

Shrub /ʃrʌb/ n灌木

示例 考题 8 Listening Lecture 1

They clearly prefer hard wood forests with dense shrubs, bushes underneath the trees.

Herb /hɜ:rb; hɜ:rb/ n草本植物

示例考题18 Listening Lecture 3

Technically speaking, a spice is part of an aromatic plant that is not a leaf orherb.

Fern n蕨类植物

Algae /ˈælgi:/ 藻，海藻

Forest /ˈfɔ:rɪst; ˈfɑ:rɪst/ n森林；林区

Meadow /ˈmedoʊ/ n草地，牧场

Prairie /ˈpreri/ n大草原，牧场

示例考题4 Reading Passage 1

The other species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times was common in the open prairie country.

Wetland /ˈwetlənd/ n湿地，沼泽地

Bog /bɔ:g/ n沼泽，泥塘

Tundra /ˈtʌndrə/ n冻原，苔原（树木不生，底土常年冰冻的北部地区

示例 考题36 Reading Passage 1

Thus prairies and tundra regions, which have characteristic vegetations, also have characteristic soils.

除此之外，还有很多和植物学息息相关的词汇，继续往下看哦~

植物学相关学科词汇

Photosynthesis /ˌfoʊtoʊ ˈsɪnθəsɪs/ n光合作用

示例考题9 reading Passage 3

The algae capture the sun's energy by photosynthesis and store it in organic molecules.

Symbiosis /ˌsɪmbaɪˈoʊsɪs/ 共生（关系）

Log /lɔ:g; lɑ:g/ n原木

Timber /ˈtɪmbə(r)/ n木材，木料

示例考题25 Reading Passage 2

The step from buying foreign timber to buying foreign ships was regarded as a short one.

Nectar /ˈnektə(r)/ n 花蜜

Pollen /ˈpɑ:lən/ n花粉

示例考题32 Reading Passage 3 

they gather nectar and pollen from a wide variety of flowers.

Pollinate /ˈpɑ:l əneɪt/ v授粉；传粉

Pollination / ˌpɑ:l əˈneɪʃn/ n授粉；传粉

Cross-breed v使杂交；杂交繁育

Sprout /spraʊt/ v发芽；抽芽；抽条；生长

Shoot /ʃu:t/ n幼苗；嫩芽；新枝

Shell /ʃel/ v给…去壳

Cluster /ˈklʌstə(r)/ n（同类物丛生或聚集的）簇，团，束，串

示例 考题45 Reading Passage 2

dense cylindrical clusters of small, petalless flowers.

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