作者：天津新航道北美考试院 托福写作组 杜薇

本期的综合写作为问题解决类综合写作，话题跟历史建筑相关。问题解决类总额和写作在TPO的练习中也非常高频，比如TPO18，TPO42，TPO50等。历史类的话题在TPO中有TPO33，TPO35和TPO44.

关键词： erode, hawk, pigeon, relics, doodle, detrimental

可以类比下列的TPO综合写作练习：

TPO18：

Reading

Theme: There are three methods to handle the decline of Torreya

Key point 1: Rebuild it in the same place that has desirable microclimate

Key point 2: Move it to a place with more favorable conditions

Key point 3: Preserve it by planting its seeds in research centers

Theme: None, satisfactory

Key words 1: Affected, larger region, global warming, overall temperatures, wetlands, drained, unlikely, survive, original

Key words 2: Another tree, quickly, killed off, becoming extinct, migration, unpredicted outcomes

Key words 3: Resist diseases, relatively large, genetically diverse, enough capacity, in the long term

TPO44：

Reading:

Theme: why coins are fake

Key point 1: long distance

Key point 2: no coins found

Key point 3: useless to Americans

Theme: silver coins are genuine

Key words 1: from far away places, traveling within the land

Key words 2: no permanent settlement, pack their voyage, bring back

Key words 3: trade, attractive, jewelry, necklace

题目解析：

19号的独立写作是一个非常经典的老题，话题内容跟电子设备对下朋友的影响相关。类似考题比如4月13日Today, children spend too much time on technological products. In fact, playing with simpler toys or playing outside with friends is better for children’s development. 不同的是19号的考题重点在限制时间，所以针对这点，可以写写时间管理和规则制定对小朋友的影响，更加扣题。不至于让e-rater识别出是memorized examples。所以我们的段落安排可以是先写电子产品对小朋友的影响，再谈及规则和时间管理，最后总结出小朋友一定要在指导在使用电子产品。

参考范文如下：

Thesis Statement:

The time young students (6-12 years old) spend using technology should be limited (one hour or even less)

Unlike older generation, children today become familiar with computers at a very early age. Tactfully-designed computer games are extremely popular among the young. Many parents complain that schools should constrain the time that children use technology at school. Considering the drawbacks, I endorse that the time young students (6-12 years old) spend using technology in school should be limited.

Reliance on technology delays children’s development of mind. Children are in a period in which their creativity and imagination are tremendously cultivated and fostered. Most of the time, children just use their smartphones or tablet computers to play games or search answers for questions assigned by their teachers. Neither way constrains the training of children’s brain. In reality, the process of solving a problem independently is the best way to exercise the brain. It is essential to give children enough room to accumulate knowledge and put it into practice on their own. Unfortunately, children are easily exposed to numerous types of electronic products. Especially if they are free to use them in school, turning to the computer for help seems to be their first choice. Definitely, they lose the chance to discuss their puzzles with their classmates or teacher, a good opportunity to train their IQ and EQ.

As a matter of fact, it is the responsibility to manage and control the time children spend using computers in school days. In most cases, children are too young to have enough awareness of time. true-to-life visual and sound effects attract children to immerse in the magical world. Owing to these superior characteristics, most computer games tie an addicted youngster to the chair before the computer screen for a long time. Without doubt, it will not only harm a child’s health and schoolwork, but also waste much valuable time that could be spent engaging in more meaningful activities. Wasting much time on playing computer games, children may be reluctant to participate in school or community activities which are more beneficial for developing their communication and collaboration skills. With the support and guidance from their teachers, children are likely to benefit much from using computer games.

Finally, by setting rules in school, children are gradually cultivated the awareness of obeying rules and keeping to principles. Schooling and parenting are two indispensable parts in educating children. At home, parents definitely set some rules for their children such as washing hands before a meal or watching TV for three hours a day. Correspondently, children comply with the rule regarding using technological devices at school. Little by little, not only do they learn to take good advantage of the technology, but they know the significance of rules, which are also important in their future study and work.

Therefore, limiting the time children use technological devices in school is very essential. Though playing computer exercise children’s brain and train themselves to become smarter and more capable, setting a rule for children helps them use devices in a more effective way. Only under the guidance and supervision of school and parents, children should be allowed to use technology.

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